And james l



HUGH YOUNG, or MIDDLETOWN, ooNNnorIO-UT, AND JAMES L. YOUNG,

' or NEW YORK, N. Y. t

Letters Patent No. 108,228, dated'October 11, 1870; antedated October 1, 1870.`

The Schedule referred to :ln these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

We, HUGH YOUNG, of Middletown, in the county of Middlesex Aand State of Connecticut, and JAMES L.' YOUNG, of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Stone-cutting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Nature and I OIgiects ofthe Invention.

-This invention relates to a stone-cutting machine, more especially' intended. to divide large blocks of stones into slabs or sheets; and

It consists in a diamond or other hard stone, or of a cluster of diamonds, or-other hard stones, as atool, or of a tool or cutter, armedwitli a diamond or other hard stone, or by a cluster or clusters, of diamonds or other hard stones, in combination with a blade or guiding-sheet, of metal, mounted in a machine so as to receive a rectilinear motion in the line-of the cut to be made in the stone, said motion or stroke being of sufficient length as to allow of the tool passing out of the out made thereby at both ends of the out at each` stroke of the machine, the stone to he cnt being fed to said tool, or the tool being fed to the stone by proper machinery.

`leretofore, when attempts have-been made to divide hard stones into slabs by other means than cleav- ,a e, or by the process of grinding with metallic b tides and silicious sand, recourse has heen had to Saws armedwith diamonds, so as to obtain snfiicient endurance to resist the action ot' the stone.,

The circular saw so armed is well adapted to certain kinds of work, but is not available for making cuts of' any great depth. Gang-saws, armed with diamonds, have been tried, but these present, among others, two great ditiicnlties which have prevented their successful operation in the cutting of stones.

The first of these difficulties is getting clear of the debris. This may bc met in using a saw, by making it to cut only in one direction, and giving the saw a lifting hack motion or lead; but then the debris is` shoved,"by one tooth or set of teeth after another, until it nds its way out at one end of the cnt, but making muchunnecessary wear of the teeth and blade in its passage, and there is, besides, the loss of power and time in producing the back motion. If, on the other hand, the teeth should be made to cnt both ways, the debris would be shifted backward and' forward in the cut until rit would entirely choke the action of the saw.

lhc second difficulty is the impossibility, in practice, of having each tooth cut' exactlyalike, and the saw, therefore, exhibits, for result, a ont having ridges, breaks, or'creases running at right angles with the motion of the saw. Y

We might mention, also, in passing, the liability of the teeth being broken, of diamonds becoming loose, Sto. This happening to such ofthe teeth or diamonds as do not come out of the stone at any part of the stroke, there would he no opportunity either of ob` serving or repairing the loss but by removing the saw entirely up out of the cut. f To obviate these and other difficulties we have invented the present stone-cutting machine, whose type and main feature is that 'of a diamond-tool, or diamond-armed tool, which, at every, stroke, is made to plow right through the entire length of the cut, pushing the debris before it, and is made to pa'ss out of the cnt or channel 'made by said plowing action at cach .end of said cut or channel, and at each stroke of the machine. The stone beingfed regularly to the said tool, will soon be divided,'and present two per' fectly-straight and smooth surfaces.

Description of Drawing.

lLA'rn I. y

Figure l represents a sectional longitudinal view, in

elevation, of one of our improved stone-cutting machinos, through X X.

Figure 2 is a top view or plan of the same.

PLATE 1I.

Figure 3 is a transversal sectional elevation of the same machine through Y Y, and

Figure and 5 are details, explained furtherin the specification. V

. General Description. y

F is the frame of the machine, which should he made in a snbstantiaimanner, to resist the vibration of the operating parts, and be provided, in its upper part, with the four slides G G and H H perfecfly parallel with cach other.

K K K K' is a frame, composed of the two ends K K and tho two sides K l', strongiy fastened together.A

The two pieces Ii K have two longitudinal slots, ff, out therein, with enlarged places, r Ar, for passing the heads of the bolts c which are used, as Vhereafter explained.

The-frame K K K K' is mounted upon jaws, if, provided with suitable brasses to work upon and between the slides G G, so that said ironie can move freely, yet with perfect accuracy, in a rectilinear manner, in the direction oft-he arrows 1 and 2 of iig. 1;;

placed side by side in the frame as -it is desired to make 4cuts in the stone or stones, and at such distance apart as may be required. l

The. tool A may be made ot' any improved 'or orl dinary and known shape 'or' construction, and it inay consist simply et a diamond or other hard stone, or of -a cluster of' diamonds or other hard stones, or it' may consist ota block in which a diamondfor other hard stone, or acluster ofdiamonds' or other hard' stones is set, the only essential thing being that the diamond or cluster or.' diamonds shall be sutiicient for cutting the required channel, and tliat, when a cluster of diamonds is used, the two or more diamonds forming itshali be in such' proximity and bear such relationto each other as to form, essentially, one tool, to be used for plowing from end to end, and in both directions of the cut, as already stated.'

`We decrn it necessary that the blade B should be 'ol' sniiicient width to insure a steady, rigid action, and, as the blade has to be made thin not.- to waste stone unnecessarily, we provide it with four bolts, b b and b b', two near the top and two near the bottom thereof, so that we may regulate the tension, aud takeout any twist or winding therein. 1When, for come special purpose, it is desirable that several blades B be set close to each other, to form 'a gang and divide a block ot' stone'into thin slabs, (as isV often the case for marblc,) 'then we employ, for stretching the blades B, bolts, 71, having heads shaped as shown in iig. 4 lby the lettera, so that the two heads of the bolts `1 will serve as a washer for an intermediary bolt, b'. By this arrangement ot' bolts wc are enabled to place our blades B as close together as the shank of the bolts i) and b' will allow them to come together, and yet retain the whole of' the strength of said bolts.

D' D are two bridges resting upon the slides H H,

yadjustable thereon, to suit the length of the stone to be cnt, and having for object to maintain and guide,

' in their proper plane of motion, thc blade or blades '15, close as practicable to said stone, and to the point of resistance of the tool A'.

For that pnrposeqthe two bridges D D are provided with any suitable devices for 'guiding the blades B. We have illustrated the one we now employ, which is v the rollers E E, to prevent the `rising ot' the biades,

and the blocks of wood L L L, dsc., clasped between the bridges D l) and plates N, fastened thereto, to

guide the blades I) on the side;4 but we contemplate that other modes ot' guiding the blades may be used; as, for example, vertical rollers, working in swivelfi-ames, heldin suchposition as to. give the requiredv width between the blades, for guiding the same, instead of the blocks L.

(l is a platform, mounted between vert-ical guides or slides, C lG', in such a manuel' as to be capable of being moved vertically between said slides, and have no play or horizontal motion.

J' are screws, which, being fastened to the platform C, and running through nuts 4in the hubs ofthe wheels M, serve .the purpose oi' raising and lowering the platforinG. I

The wheels M are connected among themselves, and acted upon by any suitable `set 'of gearings, &c.,

in such a manner as to receive motion iu either direction trom'the same motiv -powe`r vemployed for moving vthe frame K K' K K', r from a separate anddistinct source of power, as best suited to the purposes, and the motion of the platform O -is .intended by the weight W.- m is an apron, which may be used for the same to feed the stone placed thereon ,to the tool or tools A.' of the made or blades B.

O is the frame er plate upon which rer-:t the wheels M. l Sf S', rails ot arailroad.

S S, rails fastened vto the platform C,Iaud matcl'ring' the 'railroad' S' S'. v

T is a truck, running upon the rails S' and S S, and having its bed corrugated and inclined from t to t', where it has the lip or apron a, so that all water falling fromthc stone upon the truck will be carried oversaid lip n, and, falling in the trough V, will pass intothe sewer A.

1R is a -lter or4 sieve, placed in the trough V,or in any suitable place between the stone to be ont and the fsewer, or other4 place where the walter is wasted,

and serving the purpose of retaining any fragments of diamonds which may'become detached from the l cutter or cutters-'. A v

U is a tlcxibleapron, attached to the ltruck 4T at bottom-passing over the roller u, and kept stretched purpose as U, being only a plain or corrucated panel,-

restingupon `the truck T, an'd upon any xed points of the frame F. Both these aprons', or any modification thereof, are intended to prevent any water being projected. away from the truck T, and, by' acting as a guard, collect any fragments ot'diamonds which may be with such water, as already stated.

Thestoneto be ent is vloaded on and properly securedto the truck T, which, being' brought by the railway S S' onto the piati'orm C, `is fastened thereto ing.

. The frame KK' KK is now pnt in motion, with a stroke of such a length as to bring the tool A', at each stroke, from the dotted line d to the dotted line d'; .and-the feed-motion being started, the platform stroke of the said tool A'.

We deem this making the tool A to pass out ot' the stone at each stroke, necessary,v to obtain per.

feet-ly straight and even work, and ot' great service in keeping `the cut free from debris; and we deem it of the greatest coxisequence that the cutter A shall pass entirely ont of the cut at, at least, one of theiends thereof', so that the cutter may be examined, repaired, or changed without lowering the stone, or

' raising. the saw, to take itentirely out ot' the cut;

We contemplate that water shall be used in each cut, during the operation of the machine, not only for the purpose'ot' keeping the diamond-tool-t`rom.

heating, but also to assist in clearing ont the debris.

Claims.

' 1. The combination of the cutter A with the blade B, in the manner and for the pnrpose'set forth.

A2. The combination of the frame. K K' K K and frame/F with one or more blades B, carrying the cutter or cutters Af, substantially-iu the manner and for the purpose specified. f

3. The bridges D, having -their rollers E, blocks L L L, 85e., or cqnivalentgnides, in combination with the blade ,or blades B, when said bridges are adjustable by means of ways, the whole constructed to opcrate in the manner and for thelpurpose described.

4. The combination of theplati'orin C, slides C, v

screws J', wheelsM with the tool Af'and blade B, the

whole arranged so'as to give afeed-niotion of the stone to the tool'A, working in the manner set forth.

5. Asa new means of cutting stone, a tool, consisting of one ormore dianlods, or other hard stones,

by any approved mode, in' our illustration, by boltmounted upon a rectilinear-moving blade, operated in 74. The sieve R, when used in combination with such a manner, in relation to tho stone to be ont, that the horizontal roctilincar-moving diamond-tool A', said tool will plow a channel trito said stone,- and pass or tools A', and blade or blades B, substantially in out at either end of sai channel at each complete the manner and for the purpose set forth.

stroke of the blade and tool, substantially in the man- HUGH YOUNG. nor herein set forth. JAMES L. YOUNG.

6. The bolts b, having heads a, in combination u'ith the bolt-s b and blade or blades B, bearing the cutter Witnesses: A', or cutters A', arranged substantially as and for MOSES E. Oxms'ro, the purpose specified. FRANK I. GRAsTo. 

